Sunday, December 29, 2019

Essay On Ratatouille - 1402 Words

Ratatouille Phenomenon The movie ratatouille was first released by Buena Vista Pictures Distribution and was directed and written by the author named Brad Bird who took over from Jan Pinkava in 2005. Since the release of the movie Ratatouille, foodies have been lining up outside of theaters to see it. People were flocking to see the movie and the movie suddenly became popular. When people heard that Ratatouille the movie was good, people made big lines outside of movie theaters just to see it. People with an appetite were coming from everywhere and rushing in to movie theaters just to see the movie. It gave food lovers something to watch. The movie brought out the feeling to cook and to explore new things. It inspired creativity and†¦show more content†¦In the game mass effect, the hyper speed is the same. In the hyper speed, it looks like light beams are flying past you. Here are some ways that the game has stayed the same In all the games Mass Effect, there are side missions. In the side mission s, you can help the other characters. You can help the janitor, you can help the passengers on the ship, and more. In the games, you can run out of supplies, so there are side missions to go get supplies, but if you don’t want to go get supplies you can assign people to go get the supplies for the ship. In the game, you can search the planets as a side mission. You can go to the different systems and search the planets for deposits or satellites In the Mass Effect games like in every game there is a campaign that is a series of mane missions. In Mass Effect one of the missions is to find a planet to live on the earth is to foul of people. In Mass Effect one other main mission is to find the alien structures that are polluting the air on the planet. In Mass Effect one other main mission is to get the aliens off the planet, so they can’t pollute the air any more. old This states that taking everything and putting it with new graphics can make a good game. Is Stranger Things 2 Really Better Than Stranger Things? Stranger Things had come out about a year ago and now something has happened! As you may recall, Stranger ThingsShow MoreRelatedRatatouille Sound Film Analysis Essay3081 Words   |  13 Pagesoffer, the visual aspects are only half of the importance. Sound design makes up that other half of the cinematic experience, and engages senses other than the visual in order to immerse the audience into the film. In Brad Bird’s animated film Ratatouille (2007), sound designer Randy Thom creates a rich sonic world for a film that’s plot is based around a rat who experiences the same senses that humans do. Since a rat usually seems to have no similarities to humans, Thom makes sure to use sound toRead MoreA Geographical Place Through Visual And Narrative Portrayal Of Food2095 Words   |  9 Pagesdifferent times, and completely new experiences. The effectiveness of film to create a geographical place through visual and narrative portrayal of food will be explored through the ela boration on three movies: Haute Cuisine, Ratatouille, and Chocolat. The movies explored in this essay are all set in France and have various levels of effectiveness when it comes to creating a sense of geographical place through visual and narrative portrayal on film. While all these movies are set in France, some provedRead MoreEssay on 250as3672 Words   |  3 Pages  Cinderella  and  Belle.   Shortly  after  capturing  the  audiences’  attention,  Babich  started  to  appeal  to  the  readers’   emotions  by  criticizing  some  stories  in  an  animated  movie  would  work  just  as  fine  with  a  female   protagonist.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Is  there  any  reason  the  rat  in  Ratatouille  couldn’t  have  been  a  lady?†Ã‚  is  one  of  the   examples  he  thought  that  gender  of  the  protagonist  does  not  matter.  This  leaves  the  audience   wondering  if  gender  is  really  the  most  important  characteristic  of  a  character.  Babich  points  out   that  theRead MoreSocial Structures Of Western Society Essay1390 Words   |  6 Pages the Western culture began to interact with the animal differently (Edelman 2002).By the end of the nineteenth century, the rat was classified in Western contexts as: detestable pest, a lovable pet, and laboratory subjects (Edelman 2002). In this essay, I aim to show their cultural meaning and social structures to Western society, by analysing the human-rat relations and classifications in the Western world. In the West, the diverse contexts we encounter and interact with the rats have transformedRead MoreNot Much Change With Kid Movies1234 Words   |  5 Pageswith the real world. Therefore, both Pixar and Disney need to improve on the feminine view. In Stefan Babich essay, â€Å"The Fall of the Female Protagonist in kids’ Movies† discusses how Pixar released their first film with a female as the protagonist in 2012 and DreamWorks in 2009 (Monsters vs. Aliens). Babich goes more into detail sexism between Pixar and Disney. The author states in his essay that in all the Pixar movies all the protagonists are males. Although, they have had lots of success when upRead MoreA Battle Of Endings By James Cameron1294 Words   |  6 PagesSundiata Short Essay Andrew Davis Professor Benander Topics in Literature 4 November 2012 A Battle of Endings It is widely believed that the ending makes the story. What would Titanic, the movie by James Cameron, be without its ending? In the epics of Kirikou and Sundiata, we see two distinctly different endings that would cause different responses from different audiences. The Treatment of the villain is significant in the end because it brings into question the judgment of the hero. ExaminingRead MoreReaction Paper in Wall E1770 Words   |  8 Pagesseems like it’s becoming a regular occurrence with each new Pixar release that people start saying it should be eligible to compete with live action films for Best Picture at the Oscars. In that regard, I don’t think WALL-E qualifies. If anything, Ratatouille was more deserving. But this movie is just not deep enough. It’s cute and entertaining, and tries some things that haven’t really been done before with a children’s animated movie, but let’s not kid ourselves here†¦ a complex human drama, it ain’tRead MoreAnalysis Of Walt Disney s Disney 2028 Words   |  9 Pageswith and grown fond of, right? Hollywood’s best known studio, Walt Disney Animation, wasn’t always a billion-dollar organization, but still, after almost 100 years, manages to capture the hearts and captivate the eyes of the world. In this expository essay, I will explain how Disney began, how it grew, and how it still manages to affect the world, even after Walt Disney’s death. Disney, the best known studio in Hollywood, California, started small. Walt Disney, and his brother Roy, produced many shortRead MoreDisney s Employment Of Various Master Narratives And Its Way Of Representing Crimes And Criminals2267 Words   |  10 Pagesessentially the youth of the nation, a vast majority of children are introduced to a great number of ideas representing culture, race, gender, politics, societal norms, and even the criminal justice system in North America through their narratives. This essay will attempt to illustrate how Disney’s employment of various master narratives and its way of representing crimes and criminals in films have impacted social conceptions of criminality within American society. â€Å"Representation is an essential part

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Essay on The Controversy Surrounding Stem-cell Research

Stem-cell research is a complex subject. First of all you need to know there are three main categories of stem cells. Embryonic, Fetal and Adult; not everyone is for or against all of these types. There are different sets on pros and cons to each of these types and I will address a few for each type. I believe the pros outweigh the cons in each of these and stem cell research is very beneficial for medical purposes. The term ‘stem cell research was first used by gist Alexander Maksimov, a Russian histologist in 1908. His postulate was made in Berlin at the congress of hematological society and proposed the existence of haematopoietic stem cells. Most was quiet in the way of stem cell research until the 1960s when Altman and Das present†¦show more content†¦It involves taking cells from aborted fetuses for research and treatment of diseases. Not to say that fetuses should be conceived just to be aborted for this reason but if a woman chooses to abort her baby it is a go od thing it could be used for good, to cure diseases plaguing others. Embryonic stem cell lines are from the inner cell mass of a blastoyst, that is, a very young embryo. Probably around four to five days old in humans and consisting of no less than 50 and no more than 150 cells. When given sufficient and necessary stimulation stem cells can develop into more than 200 types of cells in the adult body, this gives then potential to cure numerous diseases. While there are currently no approved treatments using embryonic stem cells, they remain a theoretically potential source for regenerative and tissue replacement after injury and disease. The variety of cells they can develop into makes limitless possibilities for medicine. Turning ES cells into usable cells while avoiding transplant rejection are some problems scientists will have to work through. But like for organ transplants and anti-rejection drugs it is possible these obstacles could be overcome. Next, Adult Stem cells do not c ause anywhere near as much controversy as embryonic stem cells because no organisms are destructed in the procedures. Also known as a somatic stem cell, adult stem cells are characterized by any cell found in a developed organism that has theShow MoreRelatedControversy Surrounding Research And Therapeutic Use Of Stem Cell Technology831 Words   |  4 Pages Controversy surrounding research and therapeutic use of stem cells has been a contentious and socially polarizing matter for a few decades. Arguments lie largely between the scientific community and the general public, although intragroup disagreements also persist today. These disparate views for and against stem cells arise out of the bioethical implications of an inchoate innovation, the general public’s tenuous understanding of the underlying technology itself, and sociopolitical ideologiesRead MoreStem Cell Research : Stem Cells1261 Words   |  6 Pagescure diseases. Now we have stem cell therapy. Stem cells promis e future cures for many currently considered to be â€Å"incurable† diseases, but with more research, we can overcome the controversy surrounding this this topic and help people live longer, improve their quality of life, and save many many lives. To understand the big hype about stem cells, one must know what a stem cell is. Stem cells have specialized functions that have the potential to become any type of cell in the body. According toRead MoreStem Cell Research Essay1056 Words   |  5 Pages Stem cell research is the future of medical and biological research and remedies, and it is fascinating to watch the progression of this new and important science as it unfolds. These cells were discovered in mouse embryos in the 1980s, and are remarkable because of their potential to grow into a variety of different kinds of cells within a body. Common in fetuses, and more rare in adult animals of all kinds, stem cells can be manipulated in useful ways to repair many tissues, dividing limitlesslyRead More The Benefits of Stem Cell Research Essay823 Words   |  4 PagesThe Benefits of Stem Cell Research Stem cells are considered â€Å"master cells† with the ability to divide for indefinite periods in cultures and can be manipulated and transformed into any type of cell in the body. The most common use would be the generation of cells and tissues that could be used to either create organs or tissues to be used in transplantation and to treat many diseases and disabilities. There is a great difference of opinion surrounding stem cell research; conservativesRead MoreThe Debate Of Stem Cell Research1660 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Stem Cell Debate In 1998, President Bill Clinton issued a National Bioethics Advisory Commission to begin to study the question of stem cell research (Stem Cells Fast Facts). Since then many advances have been made and stem cells have been used to aid in the alleviation of several medical conditions such as macular degeneration, bone marrow deficiencies, and growing new sheets of new skin for burn victims (Hug). Even though there is much stigma surrounding stem cell research, the medicalRead MoreEmbryonic Stem Cells : Research Worth Pursuing1201 Words   |  5 PagesVogan Research Paper 24 February 2015 Embryonic Stem Cells: Research worth Pursuing â€Å"Embryonic stem cell research will prolong life, improve life, and give hope for life to millions of people,† said politician Jim Ramstad. This is a very powerful statement, and a very accurate statement. The solution to curing many diseases is just around the corner because of the advancements in embryonic stem cell research. The much needed support of society can speed up the progression of this research so livesRead MoreStem Cells And Adult Stem Cell Research882 Words   |  4 PagesStem cell are cells with the ability to divide for indefinite periods in culture and to give rise to specialized cells( Introduction [Stem Cell Information]., 2015). Stem cells, like any other cell divide, however, when stems cells divide they either remain a stem cell or become a specialized cell, for example, a neuron (Introduction [Stem Cell Information]., 2015). Stem cell research is nothing new; in fact the first bone marrow transplant to successfully treat two siblings with combined immunodeficiencyRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research1543 Words   |  7 PagesWhile embryonic stem cell research has been ongoing for more than 30 years, it has only become a controversial topic over the past decade. The embryonic stem cell was first isolated in 1981 by two scientists at the University of Cambridge. However, it wasn’t until 1998 at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, where the first batch of embryonic stem cells were created in a test tube. In 2001, President George W. Bush approved the use of federal funding for research on this topic, following this actionRead MoreHuman Embryonic Stem Cell Research Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesStem Cells are the centre point for all growth and development. The centre point of life. Without them, there would not be humans, animals or even germs. Thanks to them, we can modify and enhance the human body when in its foetal form. The fear that a child will be born with hereditary disease, mutations and d isabilities haunts the dreams of people today more than ever. But what if we could guarantee our children could be born disease free and disability free? What if we could remove the gene thatRead MoreThe Nervous System And Controversy1143 Words   |  5 PagesThe Nervous System and Controversy in Research The nervous system is a network of nerves and specialized cells that act as transmitters sending and receiving signals through the human body. As science progresses research involving the nervous system stands in controversy. Just as the nature verses nurture debate explaining the nervous system involves researcher investigate the areas of the brain and spinal cord affected by disorders ,as well as the genetic factors, and environment factors

Friday, December 13, 2019

Rich World Poor World Free Essays

Debt is made when one party owes party money (Sofas, 2005). Just like people, governments of both developed and developing nations borrow money in order to function well and to maintain their economies (George, 1994). Debt is the economic mode that promotes economic activity in the global market (Lombard, 2004). We will write a custom essay sample on Rich World Poor World or any similar topic only for you Order Now The acquisition of debt comes through loans, grants and aid that are provided to developed and developing nations by multilateral creditors and bilateral lenders George, 1994). These creditors are international institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (MIFF), the World Bank (WEB) and other banking institutions (Millet Toasting, 2004). The international community with their neo-liberal approach and capitalist notions of eradicating poverty was through, economic growth and development (Schaeffer, 2009). Due to increased profits (petrol-dollars) made off increased oil prices developing countries were encouraged and some even coerced to borrow money from developed nations in the sass’s and sass (George, 1994). Although their profits were invested in Western banks it did not yield impressive returns thus encouraging the global South to acquire debt (George, 1994). The global South grasped the opportunity and borrowed money to advance their infrastructure (roads and dams) and also fund industrial projects in their countries Airman, 2006). Some countries even borrowed more money what they needed. So keen the developed nations were to borrow money that they disregarded any moral and ethical standards they might have had, and granted loans knowingly, to corrupt governments and military regimes (George, 1994). Unfortunately like everything else this spending spree did not last and came to a sudden halt in the sass’s, which even left the United States economy in a recession (Study Guide, 2012). Developing countries had borrowed so much money that domestic currency and macro- economies collapsed, paralyzing everything Airman, 2006). This created the first international debt crisis of the inalienable era (George, 1994). When Mexico announced their inability to make debt repayments in 1982, it shocked the financial community (Ambition, 2004). The impact of the debt crisis affected the entire global racket, causing interests to rise, commodity prices to fall, and income earnings to fall (Lombard, 2004). All this eventually made it difficult for developing nations to make debt repayments. The Western nations acted quickly and gained control of their economy and for them the debt crisis was soon over (George, 1994). Unfortunately the debt crisis and the nightmare for the poor developing countries were far from being. In fact it had only Just begun when they found themselves faced with much bigger debt than they initially acquired this despite having made repayments since the sass’s (George, 1994). Even though Mexico was the first to default on their debt panic (Lombard, 2004). Growing concerns for the financial stability of the lending institutions, major creditors, and international financial institutions, sought new strategies to address the lending criteria in order to bring debt relief (Millet ; Toasting, 2004). This resulted in the implementation of the Highly Indebted Poor Countries Initiatives (HIP), and the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiatives, under the supervision of the World Bank and the International Monetary fund (Sofas, 2005). According to the MIFF and the World Bank these organizations were the answer to the bet crisis (Sofas, 2005). The notion that the debt crisis is over, is purely a myth and we will see. This essay will reveal the causes and impacts that resulted from these debt relief organizations, and incinerate the myth of the debt crisis having been addressed. The debt crisis affected the lives and dreams of many people living in developing countries Airman, 2006). Debt is nothing new but as the debt crisis grew the gap between the rich and poor widened Airman, 2006). A country debt is not just measured by the size of their particular debt, but also clearly how it impacts or effects that nation’s economy Airman, 2006). A country GAP (gross domestic product) per capita is also a clear indication of a countries capacity to not only service their debt, but to also ensure that the health and well-being of their citizens are met (George, 1994). If this does not happen then clearly there is a problem, not Just a financial one but a humanitarian one (George, 1994). This was the result for many poor developing countries that led to the debt crisis Airman, 2006). But it was not only developing nations that had debt, United States is the world’s biggest debtor tit $6 trillion being owed at 2002 Airman, 2006). The total debt owed by developing nations in the world came to 2. 5 trillion dollars in 1999 Airman, 2006). In Nicaragua (Latin America) their debt repayments in 2004 consumed 43% of their total earnings Airman, 2006). Many commentators argued that the debt crisis was also due to irresponsible lending by the Western Nations (Millet ; Toasting, 2004). Like the Bhutan nuclear power station in the Philippines, that was built on a volcano in 1974 Airman, 2006). A clear indication where misleading advice caused poor developing overspent to make wrong decisions Airman, 2006). A nuclear power plant that had never ever been used, but a debt that was incurred with interest are expected to still be repaid Airman, 2006). What exploitation of the poor! The Jubilee 2000 (social justice group) lobby’s that debt crisis be recognized and that unjust debt like the Philippines be cancelled Airman, 2006). They argued that poor countries cannot afford to make repayments without meeting the basic needs (education, food, healthcare) of their citizens (Cheer, 2002). They maintain that debt was conducted on unfair terms and contracted illegally (Cheer, 2002). Jubilee argues that all debts be forgiven because it perpetuates a balance of power Voluble Debt Campaign, 2007). The solution for the debt crisis was restructuring the debt of developing and developed countries (Millet Toasting, 2004). The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank formed Structural Adjustments Programmed (SAPS), to provide debt relief and bring it to sustainable levels in order to maintain repayments (Millet Toasting, 2004). SAP’s were conditionality’s set up specifically for poor developing countries to meet their debt repayment obligations (Cheer, 2002). They squired that poor developing countries raise interest rates, cut government barriers on trade, increase their export production and even cancelled subsides on local food production and healthcare (Cheer, 2002). This was met with criticism and caused outrage in the world. Critics argued that the West used controlling measures to control the economic policies in the poor developing counters Voluble, 2000). When Jamaica signed up with the MIFF and SAP conditionality’s, they experienced catastrophic impacts Airman, 2006). Social service spending dropped 50% between 1980 and 1986, unemployment rose, living conditions deteriorated, infant illumination, poverty levels increased and even school pass rate dropped by 50% Airman, 20060) Not only poor developing countries had conditionality’s imposed but even developed nations like New Zealand experienced the wrath of the Miff’s Airman, 2006) SAP’s were abandoned and the MIFF and World Bank launched the Highly Indebted Poor countries Initiative (HIP) in 1996 (Cheer, 2002). The HIP was implemented to act as an international relief mechanism, in order to reduce bilateral, multilateral and commercial debt to a â€Å"sustainable level† in poor developing counties (Cannot Mammogram, 2009). The principle objective was to reduce debt burdens and to ensure that no poor country through restructuring was compromised, that would cause them to default on their debt repayments (Cannot Mammogram, 2009). In other words, their mission was to assist to a certain point and then ensure that the creditors and lenders still got their money! Just like the SAP’s, the Hip’s initiative came with conditionality’s (Cohen, 2000). The eligibility criteria required that a country be very poor, have no unsustainable debt burden and have a reformed policies track record, all under the guidance of the MIFF and the World Bank, of course (Cohen, 2000). This eligibility process was further imposed with more conditionality’s until a country came to the â€Å"completion point† (George, 1994). The HIP was met with criticism because only 30 countries benefited under the HIP intuitive, and that the eligibility process took too long causing further danger to poor developing countries (Cohen, 2000). The â€Å"one size fits all† notion was unfortunately not working, because they failed to address the real issues of the inability of countries being able to provide for the basic needs of their citizens Airman, 2006). Jubilee activists pressured the MIFF and the World Bank with a petition at the 68, with the mission to write off all debt completely (Cohen, 2000). The enhanced HIP initiative was then launched and implemented. The enhanced HIP initiative was to provide stronger, faster, deeper and broader debt relief (Cohen, 2000). The 67 and bilateral creditors promised 100% debt relief for highly indebted poor countries (Cohen, 2000). This was unfortunately empty promises. Further protests and pressure to â€Å"drop the debt† led to Millennium Development Goals (MEG) being launched in 2000, as a benchmark for measuring the reduction of poverty (Sofas, 005). Meg’s were goals set to eradicate extreme hunger and poverty, to achieve universal education, promote gender equality and empower women, reduce child mortality, improve material health, combat HIVE/AIDS, malaria and other diseases, ensure environmental sustainability and develop a global partnership for development (Sofas, 2005). In conjunction to this the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MIDI) was launched in 2005 at the â€Å"Make Poverty History campaign in the UK (Sofas, 2005). MIDI was about granting debt relief and their requirement was Although many countries benefited from debt relief, only 23 countries reached implosion point and 10 reached the decision point. The HIP initially promised to cancel $63. 4 billion, but only $45. 4 billion delivered in April 2008 Airman, 2006). In April 2008 MIDI promised $50 billion cancellation, but cancellation delivered only $42. Billion Airman, 2006). All this structures and organizations that were set in place only looked to help poor developing countries on a superficial level (Cheer, 2002). The impacts of the debt crisis led to devaluation of local county currencies as inflation increased. Import costs rose, debts increased proportionally and there were he rise in export (Cheer, 2002). Employment opportunities were not enough to offset these losses. Poor dev eloping countries made loans on the notion that their export taxes would be able to repay or maintain their loans (Cheer, 2002). Government’s commitment to pay their debt came with conditionality’s that exhausted their economies, unemployment increased due to income and living standards declined. When health care and food subsidies were cancelled by international creditors it forced food prices to soar causing families not able to feed themselves. This led to malnutrition and poor health. According to Jubilee Campaign (2000) Just like debt, Aids is a ‘killer† and although sickness and diseases adversely affected men, it hurt both women and children (Cheer, 2002). The burden of meeting their debt repayments caused some to compromise on the health status of their citizens (Cheer, 2002). South Africa has the largest HIVE/Lads infected population 4. 2 million) more than 12% of its people and this affects their employment market (Cheer, 2002). A health crisis that caused the health of lawyers, doctors, ordinary workers and teachers unable to be active in their Job market, further affecting the countries social economy (Cheer, 2002). Teachers that had HIVE/AIDS are unable to work, then unable to buy medication which ultimately leads to ill-health and even death (Cheer, 2002). Disease, epidemics and pandemics places a huge burden on a countries health sector (Cheer, 2002). Children from these families suffered too because when one parent was affected some were kept home so the other could go work. If both suffered from Hides it often left children orphaned (Cheer, 2002). Girls in unemployed families were often kept home, while boys were sent to school because the cost of education was too dear. This increases the gender inequality in developing countries (Cheer, 2002). Due to unemployment, rise in prices and taxes most people in developing countries were living well below the poverty line (Thrall, 2008). According to Thrall (2008), the economic and social development of the world’s poorest countries is perhaps the greatest challenge facing society at the present moment (Thrall, 2008). Over 1 billion of the 6 billion populations live in absolute poverty and suffering malnutrition (Cheer, 2002). The MIFF and the World Bank entrapped highly indebted poor countries with foreign debt that far exceeded heir entire national yearly income (Cheer, 2002). In 2000, the debt repayments of sub-Sahara African countries were about 38% of their individual country budgets (Cheer, 2002). This is unreal and even immoral, that a country earnings through import and export, is overshadowed by an unbearable burden of debt repayments (Cheer, 2002). When debt repayments affects the basic needs of any country, and a country is unable to maintain their social obligations of providing health, education by the window society survival is really slim. Hughes (1999) argues that debts hooked not be forgiven because the debt crisis is the developing nations own fault. Corrupt governments caused their countries to be in this situations and conditionality’s are they only way to maintain control (Hughes, 1999). There are too many flaws in the so called economic model, and we have created a society where material gain supersedes moral and ethical commitments and standards. I believe an erosion of trust erupted, because of the exploitation of the poor by the rich colonists. The fallacy of promoting poverty reduction and debt relief had surfaced, ND exposed that the Western strategies was built on greed and power. So has the debt crisis been addressed, unfortunately not? If the international community is serious about the Hip and the MIDI initiatives then their design needs to be improved in favor of developing countries. The focus should be less on filling the coffers of the West but, instead maximize burden sharing. Have a heart and share in the burden of the developing nations by ensuring that projections are more realistic. The HIP and the MIDI could maybe become responsible for ensuring that the international community commit to reducing poverty and reach their millennium goals. The mission to transform societies, improve the lives of the poor, eradicate poverty, encourage and enforce the right to healthcare, education and economic growth, is what true development is all about. By completely writing off, deleting all foreign debt gives all countries an opportunity to start afresh. This then could be the start of bridging the gap between the wealthy West and the poor South. The creation of a new world order where there is no suffering and the right to live is not questioned, but encouraged, the way it should be. How to cite Rich World Poor World, Papers

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Progress Report-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Your boss wants you to experience all facts of administration and so has asked you to reply to the E-mail. Using the indirect approach, write a refusal e-mail to this patron, applying what you have learned about sending negative messages. Be sure to include any alternative you can offer this faithful customer. Answer: To Ms. Ruby From Associate Manager Humber North Campus Dear Ms. Ruby This mail is regarding your claim request that we have received related to the loss of your personal belongings in the college campus. We are sorry to learn that you have lost your bag pack as I can imagine how disappointed you have been after discovering the loss of your essential materials that you have prepared for your semester. I can completely understand that it is indeed a big loss for you. I am certain that you are aware of the Humber college policies that are posted on the wall at the entrance which highlights that the management is not responsible for the loss of any personal belongings (Garcia-Retamero and Dhami 2013). We regret to inform you that owing to the college policies we are unable to pay you for your loss but since you are a faithful and a regular patron of our college we would be happy to offer price reductions on the books that you need to prepare for your semester. You may visit the book store in our college campus and provide Mr. Pebbles, our book store keeper with the price reduction coupons and purchase your required books at reduced price (Karapanos 2013). I hope this would compensate the loss that have suffered, if not completely, but to a certain extent and help you prepare for your semester and I hope that this maintains the positive relationship that persists between you and the college. If you have further queries do not hesitate to respond to this letter Sincerely, Mandy Sandhu (Associate Manager) Humber College Ph No: 905-671-6305 (Ext: 224) Email: mandy@humber.ca Reference List Garcia-Retamero, R. and Dhami, M.K., 2013. On avoiding framing effects in experienced decision makers.The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology,66(4), pp.829-842. Karapanos, E., 2013. User experience over time. InModeling Users' Experiences with Interactive Systems(pp. 57-83). Springer Berlin Heidelberg